Adds support for sub-frame shaders to vulkan/glcore/dx10-11-12.
Builds on the concept already present for frame duplication in use for BFI, to present multiple 'sub' frames per real frame to the shaders, so they can run at a higher framerate than the content framerate. Must be enabled via subframe shaders setting under synchronization settings to be active.
Will allow BFI to be implemented inside of the shaders, among any other use for the higher framerate shader authors can devise.
CurrentSubFrame and TotalSubFrames have been available inside the shaders to track what they want to do on an given subframe. TotalSubFrames will always be 1 when the setting is disabled (and when in menu/ff/pause). Framecount will not increment on sub-frames, as it does not for injected bfi frames now. Should not interfere with any existing shaders that do not check for subframes.
- gl.c: refactor backend fallback into more general gl2_get_fallback_shader_type
- d3d9-12, gl_core, gx2_gfx, gl, vulkan: more consistent shader init and `set_shader` behavior
- configuration.c: remove check_shader_compatibility
- shader_glsl.c, shader_gl_cg.c: use `video_shader_get_type_from_ext`
- shader_gl_cg.c: add shader type check with fallback to stock like in shader_glsl.c
- menu_shader.c: use `enum rarch_shader_type` instead of `unsigned`
- video_shader_parse.c: add `video_shader_to_str` for easier logging
- remove `type` from `struct video_shader`, which was always set to CG and wrongly used in lang_process.cpp's `slang_process()` (has no further consequences because the code is unused)
(slang_process) Put HLSL/Cg code around ENABLE_HLSL ifdef
(SPIRV-Cross) Make sure macros no longer need to be redefined; make them
unique in both glsl and hlsl files; needed for Griffin builds
