diff --git a/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_client.c b/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_client.c
index 4ac6c4a581..5811ac5e3f 100644
--- a/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_client.c
+++ b/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_client.c
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
 
 static psa_handle_t handle = -1;
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C)
+#error "Error: MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C must be disabled on client build"
+#endif
+
 int psa_crypto_call(int function,
                     uint8_t *in_params, size_t in_params_len,
                     uint8_t **out_params, size_t *out_params_len)
diff --git a/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_server.c b/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_server.c
index e511c74fa2..581254259e 100644
--- a/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_server.c
+++ b/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_crypto_server.c
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@
 
 #include "service.h"
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C)
+#error "Error: MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C must be enabled on server build"
+#endif
+
 // Returns 1 for success, 0 for failure
 int psa_crypto_init_wrapper(
     uint8_t *in_params, size_t in_params_len,
diff --git a/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_generate.pl b/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_generate.pl
index efd50aa846..cd0e3eba37 100755
--- a/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_generate.pl
+++ b/tests/psa-client-server/psasim/src/psa_sim_generate.pl
@@ -268,6 +268,10 @@ sub server_implementations_header
 #include "psa_sim_serialise.h"
 
 #include "service.h"
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C)
+#error "Error: MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C must be enabled on server build"
+#endif
 EOF
 }
 
@@ -301,6 +305,10 @@ sub client_calls_header
     PRINT("Client: " fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 static psa_handle_t handle = -1;
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C)
+#error "Error: MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C must be disabled on client build"
+#endif
 EOF
 
     $code .= debug_functions() if $debug;