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Threat Model: Miscellaneous clarifications
Signed-off-by: Janos Follath <janos.follath@arm.com>
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SECURITY.md
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SECURITY.md
@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ Users are urged to always use the latest version of a maintained branch.
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We use the following classification of attacks:
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- **Remote Attacks:** The attacker can observe and modify data sent over the
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network. This includes observing timing of individual packets and potentially
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delaying legitimate messages.
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network. This includes observing the content and timing of individual packets,
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as well as suppressing or delaying legitimate messages, and injecting messages.
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- **Timing Attacks:** The attacker can gain information about the time taken
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by certain sets of instructions in Mbed TLS operations.
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- **Physical Attacks:** The attacker has access to physical information about
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@ -34,20 +34,19 @@ We use the following classification of attacks:
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### Remote attacks
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Mbed TLS aims to fully protect against remote attacks. Mbed Crypto aims to
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enable the user application in providing full protection against remote
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attacks. Said protection is limited to providing security guarantees offered by
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the protocol in question. (For example Mbed TLS alone won't guarantee that the
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messages will arrive without delay, as the TLS protocol doesn't guarantee that
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either.)
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Mbed TLS aims to fully protect against remote attacks and to enable the user
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application in providing full protection against remote attacks. Said
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protection is limited to providing security guarantees offered by the protocol
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in question. (For example Mbed TLS alone won't guarantee that the messages will
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arrive without delay, as the TLS protocol doesn't guarantee that either.)
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### Timing attacks
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Mbed TLS and Mbed Crypto provide limited protection against timing attacks. The
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cost of protecting against timing attacks widely varies depending on the
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granularity of the measurements and the noise present. Therefore the protection
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in Mbed TLS and Mbed Crypto is limited. We are only aiming to provide protection
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against publicly documented attacks, and this protection is not currently complete.
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Mbed TLS provides limited protection against timing attacks. The cost of
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protecting against timing attacks widely varies depending on the granularity of
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the measurements and the noise present. Therefore the protection in Mbed TLS is
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limited. We are only aiming to provide protection against publicly documented
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attacks, and this protection is not currently complete.
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**Warning!** Block ciphers do not yet achieve full protection. For
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details and workarounds see the section below.
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@ -55,26 +54,26 @@ details and workarounds see the section below.
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#### Block Ciphers
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Currently there are four block ciphers in Mbed TLS: AES, CAMELLIA, ARIA and DES.
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The Mbed TLS implementation uses lookup tables, which are vulnerable to timing
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attacks.
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The pure software implementation in Mbed TLS implementation uses lookup tables,
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which are vulnerable to timing attacks.
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**Workarounds:**
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- Turn on hardware acceleration for AES. This is supported only on selected
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architectures and currently only available for AES. See configuration options
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`MBEDTLS_AESCE_C`, `MBEDTLS_AESNI_C` and `MBEDTLS_PADLOCK_C` for details.
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- Add a secure alternative implementation (typically a bitsliced implementation or
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hardware acceleration) for the vulnerable cipher. See the [Alternative
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Implementations Guide](docs/architecture/alternative-implementations.md) for
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more information.
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- Instead of a block cipher, use ChaCha20/Poly1305 for encryption and data
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origin authentication.
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- Add a secure alternative implementation (typically hardware acceleration) for
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the vulnerable cipher. See the [Alternative Implementations
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Guide](docs/architecture/alternative-implementations.md) for more information.
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- Use cryptographic mechanisms that are not based on block ciphers. In
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particular, for authenticated encryption, use ChaCha20/Poly1305 instead of
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block cipher modes. For random generation, use HMAC\_DRBG instead of CTR\_DRBG.
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### Physical attacks
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Physical attacks are out of scope. Any attack using information about or
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influencing the physical state of the hardware is considered physical,
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independently of the attack vector. (For example Row Hammer and Screaming
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Channels are considered physical attacks.) If physical attacks are present in a
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use case or a user application's threat model, it needs to be mitigated by
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physical countermeasures.
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Physical attacks are out of scope (eg. power analysis or radio emissions). Any
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attack using information about or influencing the physical state of the
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hardware is considered physical, independently of the attack vector. (For
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example Row Hammer and Screaming Channels are considered physical attacks.) If
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physical attacks are present in a use case or a user application's threat
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model, it needs to be mitigated by physical countermeasures.
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