Implement divmod

include/fmt/format-inl.h

@@ -511,6 +511,25 @@ class bigint {
     bigits_.resize(num_bigits);
   }
 
+  void subtract_bigits(int index, bigit other, bigit& borrow) {
+    auto result = static_cast<double_bigit>(bigits_[index]) - other - borrow;
+    bigits_[index] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
+    borrow = static_cast<bigit>(result >> (bigit_bits * 2 - 1));
+  }
+
+  // Computes *this -= other assuming aligned bigints and *this >= other.
+  void subtract_aligned(const bigint& other) {
+    FMT_ASSERT(other.exp_ >= exp_, "unaligned bigints");
+    FMT_ASSERT(*this >= other, "");
+    bigit borrow = 0;
+    int i = other.exp_ - exp_;
+    for (int j = 0, n = static_cast<int>(other.bigits_.size()); j != n;
+         ++i, ++j) {
+      subtract_bigits(i, other.bigits_[j], borrow);
+    }
+    while (borrow > 0) subtract_bigits(i, 0, borrow);
+  }
+
  public:
   bigint() : exp_(0) {}
 
@@ -555,21 +574,20 @@ class bigint {
     return *this;
   }
 
-  friend bool operator<=(const bigint& lhs, const bigint& rhs) {
+  friend bool operator>=(const bigint& lhs, const bigint& rhs) {
     int num_lhs_bigits = lhs.num_bigits(), num_rhs_bigits = rhs.num_bigits();
     if (num_lhs_bigits != num_rhs_bigits)
-      return num_lhs_bigits < num_rhs_bigits;
+      return num_lhs_bigits > num_rhs_bigits;
     int lhs_bigit_index = static_cast<int>(lhs.bigits_.size()) - 1;
     int rhs_bigit_index = static_cast<int>(rhs.bigits_.size()) - 1;
-    int end = lhs_bigit_index > rhs_bigit_index
-                  ? lhs_bigit_index - rhs_bigit_index
-                  : 0;
+    int end = lhs_bigit_index - rhs_bigit_index;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
     for (; lhs_bigit_index >= end; --lhs_bigit_index, --rhs_bigit_index) {
       bigit lhs_bigit = lhs.bigits_[lhs_bigit_index];
       bigit rhs_bigit = rhs.bigits_[rhs_bigit_index];
-      if (lhs_bigit != rhs_bigit) return lhs_bigit < rhs_bigit;
+      if (lhs_bigit != rhs_bigit) return lhs_bigit > rhs_bigit;
     }
-    return lhs_bigit_index <= rhs_bigit_index;
+    return lhs_bigit_index >= rhs_bigit_index;
   }
 
   // Assigns pow(10, exp) to this bigint.
@@ -612,10 +630,8 @@ class bigint {
     // Do the same for the top half.
     for (int bigit_index = num_bigits; bigit_index < num_result_bigits;
          ++bigit_index) {
-      for (int j = num_bigits - 1, i = bigit_index - j; i < num_bigits;
-           ++i, --j) {
-        sum += static_cast<double_bigit>(n[i]) * n[j];
-      }
+      for (int j = num_bigits - 1, i = bigit_index - j; i < num_bigits;)
+        sum += static_cast<double_bigit>(n[i++]) * n[j--];
       bigits_[bigit_index] = static_cast<bigit>(sum);
       sum >>= bits<bigit>::value;
     }
@@ -630,14 +646,24 @@ class bigint {
   // Divides this bignum by divisor, assigning the remainder to this and
   // returning the quotient.
   int divmod_assign(const bigint& divisor) {
-    bigit lhs_bigit = bigits_[bigits_.size() - 1];
-    bigit rhs_bigit = divisor.bigits_[divisor.bigits_.size() - 1];
-    // TODO: test the case of rhs == max
-    bigit quotient =
-        (rhs_bigit + 1 != 0) ? lhs_bigit / (rhs_bigit + 1) : lhs_bigit;
-    while (divisor <= *this) {
-      // TODO: subtract
+    FMT_ASSERT(this != &divisor, "");
+    if (!(*this >= divisor)) return 0;
+    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size());
+    FMT_ASSERT(divisor.bigits_[divisor.bigits_.size() - 1] != 0, "");
+    int exp_difference = exp_ - divisor.exp_;
+    if (exp_difference > 0) {
+      // Align bigints by adding trailing zeros to simplify subtraction.
+      bigits_.resize(num_bigits + exp_difference);
+      for (int i = num_bigits - 1, j = i + exp_difference; i >= 0; --i, --j)
+        bigits_[j] = bigits_[i];
+      std::uninitialized_fill_n(bigits_.data(), exp_difference, 0);
+      exp_ -= exp_difference;
     }
+    int quotient = 0;
+    do {
+      subtract_aligned(divisor);
+      ++quotient;
+    } while (*this >= divisor);
     return quotient;
   }
 };

include/fmt/printf.h

@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ OutputIt basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char>::format() {
     // Parse argument index, flags and width.
     unsigned arg_index = parse_header(it, end, specs);
     if (arg_index == 0)
-      on_error("argument index 0 is out of range");
+      on_error("argument index out of range");
 
     // Parse precision.
     if (it != end && *it == '.') {

test/format-impl-test.cc

@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@ TEST(BigIntTest, Construct) {
   EXPECT_EQ("123456789abcedf0", fmt::format("{}", bigint(0x123456789abcedf0)));
 }
 
-TEST(BigIntTest, LessEqual) {
+TEST(BigIntTest, GreaterEqual) {
   bigint n1(42);
   bigint n2(42);
-  EXPECT_TRUE(n1 <= n2);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(n1 >= n2);
   n2 <<= 32;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(n1 <= n2);
-  EXPECT_FALSE(n2 <= n1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(n1 >= n2);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(n2 >= n1);
   bigint n3(43);
-  EXPECT_TRUE(n1 <= n3);
-  EXPECT_FALSE(n3 <= n1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(n1 >= n3);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(n3 >= n1);
   bigint n4(42 * 0x100000001);
-  EXPECT_TRUE(n2 <= n4);
-  EXPECT_FALSE(n4 <= n2);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(n2 >= n4);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(n4 >= n2);
 }
 
 TEST(BigIntTest, ShiftLeft) {
@@ -109,6 +109,49 @@ TEST(BigIntTest, Square) {
   EXPECT_EQ("2540be400", fmt::format("{}", n4));
 }
 
+TEST(BigIntTest, DivModAssignZeroDivisor) {
+  bigint zero(0);
+  EXPECT_THROW(bigint(0).divmod_assign(zero), assertion_failure);
+  EXPECT_THROW(bigint(42).divmod_assign(zero), assertion_failure);
+}
+
+TEST(BigIntTest, DivModAssignSelf) {
+  bigint n(100);
+  EXPECT_THROW(n.divmod_assign(n), assertion_failure);
+}
+
+TEST(BigIntTest, DivModAssignUnaligned) {
+  // (42 << 340) / pow(10, 100):
+  bigint n1(42);
+  n1 <<= 340;
+  bigint n2;
+  n2.assign_pow10(100);
+  int result = n1.divmod_assign(n2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, 9406);
+  EXPECT_EQ("10f8353019583bfc29ffc8f564e1b9f9d819dbb4cf783e4507eca1539220p96",
+            fmt::format("{}", n1));
+}
+
+TEST(BigIntTest, DivModAssign) {
+  // 100 / 10:
+  bigint n1(100);
+  int result = n1.divmod_assign(bigint(10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, 10);
+  EXPECT_EQ("0", fmt::format("{}", n1));
+  // pow(10, 100) / (42 << 320):
+  n1.assign_pow10(100);
+  result = n1.divmod_assign(bigint(42) <<= 320);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, 111);
+  EXPECT_EQ("13ad2594c37ceb0b2784c4ce0bf38ace408e211a7caab24308a82e8f10p96",
+            fmt::format("{}", n1));
+  // 42 / 100:
+  bigint n2(42);
+  n1.assign_pow10(2);
+  result = n2.divmod_assign(n1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ("2a", fmt::format("{}", n2));
+}
+
 template <bool is_iec559> void test_construct_from_double() {
   fmt::print("warning: double is not IEC559, skipping FP tests\n");
 }

test/printf-test.cc

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ TEST(PrintfTest, SwitchArgIndexing) {
 
 TEST(PrintfTest, InvalidArgIndex) {
   EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%0$d", 42), format_error,
-                   "argument index 0 is out of range");
+                   "argument index out of range");
   EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%2$d", 42), format_error,
                    "argument index out of range");
   EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%{}$d", INT_MAX), 42), format_error,