diff --git a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/CMakeLists.txt b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/CMakeLists.txt
index 3b3530e2ff..e0e94d01fb 100644
--- a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ set(SRCS
   Resources.cpp
   Settings.cpp
   ToolBar.cpp
+  Translation.cpp
   WiiUpdate.cpp
   WiiUpdate.h
   Config/ControllersWindow.cpp
@@ -99,6 +100,39 @@ set(DOLPHINQT2_BINARY dolphin-emu-qt2)
 add_executable(${DOLPHINQT2_BINARY} ${SRCS} ${UI_HEADERS})
 target_link_libraries(${DOLPHINQT2_BINARY} ${LIBS} Qt5::Widgets)
 
+# Handle localization
+find_package(Gettext)
+if(GETTEXT_MSGMERGE_EXECUTABLE AND GETTEXT_MSGFMT_EXECUTABLE)
+  set(pot_file "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/Languages/po/dolphin-emu.pot")
+  file(GLOB LINGUAS ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/Languages/po/*.po)
+
+  target_sources(dolphin-emu-qt2 PRIVATE ${pot_file} ${LINGUAS})
+  source_group("Localization" FILES ${LINGUAS})
+  source_group("Localization\\\\Generated" FILES ${pot_file})
+
+  foreach(po ${LINGUAS})
+    get_filename_component(lang ${po} NAME_WE)
+    set(mo_dir ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${lang})
+    set(mo ${mo_dir}/dolphin-emu.mo)
+
+    target_sources(dolphin-emu-qt2 PRIVATE ${mo})
+    source_group("Localization\\\\Generated" FILES ${mo})
+
+    if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Darwin")
+      set_source_files_properties(${mo} PROPERTIES MACOSX_PACKAGE_LOCATION "Resources/${lang}.lproj")
+    else()
+      install(FILES ${mo} DESTINATION share/locale/${lang}/LC_MESSAGES)
+    endif()
+
+    add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${mo}
+      COMMAND mkdir -p ${mo_dir}
+      COMMAND ${GETTEXT_MSGMERGE_EXECUTABLE} --quiet --update --backup=none -s ${po} ${pot_file}
+      COMMAND ${GETTEXT_MSGFMT_EXECUTABLE} -o ${mo} ${po}
+      DEPENDS ${po}
+    )
+  endforeach()
+endif()
+
 if(APPLE)
   # Note: This is copied from DolphinQt, based on the DolphinWX version.
 
diff --git a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/DolphinQt2.vcxproj b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/DolphinQt2.vcxproj
index adc9952276..319d34c552 100644
--- a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/DolphinQt2.vcxproj
+++ b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/DolphinQt2.vcxproj
@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@
     <ClCompile Include="Settings\InterfacePane.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="Settings\PathPane.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="ToolBar.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Translation.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="WiiUpdate.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <!--Put standard C/C++ headers here-->
@@ -243,6 +244,7 @@
     <ClInclude Include="QtUtils\ListTabWidget.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Resources.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Settings\PathPane.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Translation.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="WiiUpdate.h" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
diff --git a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Main.cpp b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Main.cpp
index e00889ab65..fea2b56379 100644
--- a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Main.cpp
+++ b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Main.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "DolphinQt2/QtUtils/RunOnObject.h"
 #include "DolphinQt2/Resources.h"
 #include "DolphinQt2/Settings.h"
+#include "DolphinQt2/Translation.h"
 #include "UICommon/CommandLineParse.h"
 #include "UICommon/UICommon.h"
 
@@ -75,6 +76,9 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
   // Hook up alerts from core
   RegisterMsgAlertHandler(QtMsgAlertHandler);
 
+  // Hook up translations
+  Translation::Initialize();
+
   // Whenever the event loop is about to go to sleep, dispatch the jobs
   // queued in the Core first.
   QObject::connect(QAbstractEventDispatcher::instance(), &QAbstractEventDispatcher::aboutToBlock,
diff --git a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Translation.cpp b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Translation.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b73701c555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Translation.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Dolphin Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2+
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "DolphinQt2/Translation.h"
+
+#include <QApplication>
+#include <QLocale>
+#include <QMessageBox>
+#include <QTranslator>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+
+#include "Common/File.h"
+#include "Common/FileUtil.h"
+#include "Common/Logging/Log.h"
+#include "Common/MsgHandler.h"
+#include "Common/StringUtil.h"
+#include "Core/ConfigManager.h"
+
+constexpr u32 MO_MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x950412de;
+
+static u16 ReadU16(const char* data)
+{
+  u16 value;
+  std::memcpy(&value, data, sizeof(value));
+  return value;
+}
+
+static u32 ReadU32(const char* data)
+{
+  u32 value;
+  std::memcpy(&value, data, sizeof(value));
+  return value;
+}
+
+class MoIterator
+{
+public:
+  using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
+  using value_type = const char*;
+  using difference_type = s64;
+  using pointer = value_type;
+  using reference = value_type;
+
+  explicit MoIterator(const char* data, u32 table_offset, u32 index = 0)
+      : m_data{data}, m_table_offset{table_offset}, m_index{index}
+  {
+  }
+
+  // This is the actual underlying logic of accessing a Mo file. Patterned after the
+  // boost::iterator_facade library, which nicely separates out application logic from
+  // iterator-concept logic.
+  void advance(difference_type n) { m_index += n; }
+  difference_type distance_to(const MoIterator& other) const { return other.m_index - m_index; }
+  reference dereference() const
+  {
+    u32 offset = ReadU32(&m_data[m_table_offset + m_index * 8 + 4]);
+    return &m_data[offset];
+  }
+
+  // Needed for Iterator concept
+  reference operator*() const { return dereference(); }
+  MoIterator& operator++()
+  {
+    advance(1);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // Needed for InputIterator concept
+  bool operator==(const MoIterator& other) const { return distance_to(other) == 0; }
+  bool operator!=(const MoIterator& other) const { return !(*this == other); }
+  pointer operator->() const { return dereference(); }
+  MoIterator operator++(int)
+  {
+    MoIterator tmp(*this);
+    advance(1);
+    return tmp;
+  }
+
+  // Needed for BidirectionalIterator concept
+  MoIterator& operator--()
+  {
+    advance(-1);
+    return *this;
+  }
+  MoIterator operator--(int)
+  {
+    MoIterator tmp(*this);
+    advance(-1);
+    return tmp;
+  }
+
+  // Needed for RandomAccessIterator concept
+  bool operator<(const MoIterator& other) const { return distance_to(other) > 0; }
+  bool operator<=(const MoIterator& other) const { return distance_to(other) >= 0; }
+  bool operator>(const MoIterator& other) const { return distance_to(other) < 0; }
+  bool operator>=(const MoIterator& other) const { return distance_to(other) <= 0; }
+  reference operator[](difference_type n) const { return *(*this + n); }
+  MoIterator& operator+=(difference_type n)
+  {
+    advance(n);
+    return *this;
+  }
+  MoIterator& operator-=(difference_type n)
+  {
+    advance(-n);
+    return *this;
+  }
+  friend MoIterator operator+(difference_type n, const MoIterator& it) { return it + n; }
+  friend MoIterator operator+(const MoIterator& it, difference_type n)
+  {
+    MoIterator tmp(it);
+    tmp += n;
+    return tmp;
+  }
+  difference_type operator-(const MoIterator& other) const { return other.distance_to(*this); }
+  friend MoIterator operator-(difference_type n, const MoIterator& it) { return it - n; }
+  friend MoIterator operator-(const MoIterator& it, difference_type n)
+  {
+    MoIterator tmp(it);
+    tmp -= n;
+    return tmp;
+  }
+
+private:
+  const char* m_data;
+  u32 m_table_offset;
+  u32 m_index;
+};
+
+class MoFile
+{
+public:
+  MoFile() = default;
+  explicit MoFile(const std::string& filename)
+  {
+    File::IOFile file(filename, "rb");
+    m_data.resize(file.GetSize());
+    file.ReadBytes(m_data.data(), m_data.size());
+
+    if (!file)
+    {
+      ERROR_LOG(COMMON, "Error reading MO file '%s'", filename.c_str());
+      m_data = {};
+      return;
+    }
+
+    u32 magic = ReadU32(&m_data[0]);
+    if (magic != MO_MAGIC_NUMBER)
+    {
+      ERROR_LOG(COMMON, "MO file '%s' has bad magic number %x\n", filename.c_str(), magic);
+      m_data = {};
+      return;
+    }
+
+    u16 version_major = ReadU16(&m_data[4]);
+    if (version_major > 1)
+    {
+      ERROR_LOG(COMMON, "MO file '%s' has unsupported version number %i", filename.c_str(),
+                version_major);
+      m_data = {};
+      return;
+    }
+
+    m_number_of_strings = ReadU32(&m_data[8]);
+    m_offset_original_table = ReadU32(&m_data[12]);
+    m_offset_translation_table = ReadU32(&m_data[16]);
+  }
+
+  u32 GetNumberOfStrings() const { return m_number_of_strings; }
+  const char* Translate(const char* original_string) const
+  {
+    const MoIterator begin(m_data.data(), m_offset_original_table);
+    const MoIterator end(m_data.data(), m_offset_original_table, m_number_of_strings);
+    auto iter = std::lower_bound(begin, end, original_string,
+                                 [](const char* a, const char* b) { return strcmp(a, b) < 0; });
+
+    if (strcmp(*iter, original_string) != 0)
+      return original_string;
+
+    u32 offset = ReadU32(&m_data[m_offset_translation_table + std::distance(begin, iter) * 8 + 4]);
+    return &m_data[offset];
+  }
+
+private:
+  std::vector<char> m_data;
+  u32 m_number_of_strings = 0;
+  u32 m_offset_original_table = 0;
+  u32 m_offset_translation_table = 0;
+};
+
+class MoTranslator : public QTranslator
+{
+public:
+  using QTranslator::QTranslator;
+
+  bool isEmpty() const override { return m_mo_file.GetNumberOfStrings() == 0; }
+  bool load(const std::string& filename)
+  {
+    m_mo_file = MoFile(filename);
+    return !isEmpty();
+  }
+
+  QString translate(const char* context, const char* source_text,
+                    const char* disambiguation = nullptr, int n = -1) const override
+  {
+    return QString::fromUtf8(m_mo_file.Translate(source_text));
+  }
+
+private:
+  MoFile m_mo_file;
+};
+
+QStringList FindPossibleLanguageCodes(const QString& exact_language_code)
+{
+  QStringList possible_language_codes;
+  possible_language_codes << exact_language_code;
+
+  // Qt likes to separate language, script, and country by hyphen, but on disk they're separated by
+  // underscores.
+  possible_language_codes.replaceInStrings(QStringLiteral("-"), QStringLiteral("_"));
+
+  // Try successively dropping subtags (like the stock QTranslator, and as specified by RFC 4647
+  // "Matching of Language Tags").
+  // Example: fr_Latn_CA -> fr_Latn -> fr
+  for (auto lang : QStringList(possible_language_codes))
+  {
+    while (lang.contains(QLatin1Char('_')))
+    {
+      lang = lang.left(lang.lastIndexOf(QLatin1Char('_')));
+      possible_language_codes << lang;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // On macOS, Chinese (Simplified) and Chinese (Traditional) are represented as zh-Hans and
+  // zh-Hant, but on Linux they're represented as zh-CN and zh-TW. Qt should probably include the
+  // script subtags on Linux, but it doesn't.
+  if (possible_language_codes.contains(QStringLiteral("zh_Hans")))
+    possible_language_codes << QStringLiteral("zh_CN");
+  if (possible_language_codes.contains(QStringLiteral("zh_Hant")))
+    possible_language_codes << QStringLiteral("zh_TW");
+
+  return possible_language_codes;
+}
+
+static bool TryInstallTranslator(const QString& exact_language_code)
+{
+  for (const auto& qlang : FindPossibleLanguageCodes(exact_language_code))
+  {
+    std::string lang = qlang.toStdString();
+    auto filename =
+#if defined _WIN32
+        File::GetExeDirectory() + StringFromFormat("/Languages/%s/dolphin-emu.mo", lang.c_str())
+#elif defined __APPLE__
+        File::GetBundleDirectory() +
+        StringFromFormat("/Contents/Resources/%s.lproj/dolphin-emu.mo", lang.c_str())
+#else
+        StringFromFormat(DATA_DIR "/../locale/%s/LC_MESSAGES/dolphin-emu.mo", lang.c_str())
+#endif
+        ;
+
+    auto* translator = new MoTranslator(QApplication::instance());
+    if (translator->load(filename))
+    {
+      QApplication::instance()->installTranslator(translator);
+      return true;
+    }
+    translator->deleteLater();
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+void Translation::Initialize()
+{
+  // Hook up Dolphin internal translation
+  RegisterStringTranslator([](const char* text) { return QObject::tr(text).toStdString(); });
+
+  // Hook up Qt translations
+  auto& configured_language = SConfig::GetInstance().m_InterfaceLanguage;
+  if (!configured_language.empty())
+  {
+    if (TryInstallTranslator(QString::fromStdString(configured_language)))
+      return;
+
+    QMessageBox::warning(
+        nullptr, QObject::tr("Error"),
+        QObject::tr("Error loading selected language. Falling back to system default."));
+    configured_language.clear();
+  }
+
+  for (const auto& lang : QLocale::system().uiLanguages())
+  {
+    if (TryInstallTranslator(lang))
+      break;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Translation.h b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Translation.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04118e3ffa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Core/DolphinQt2/Translation.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Dolphin Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2+
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace Translation
+{
+void Initialize();
+}