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manual: update protocol intro

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Matthias Ringwald 2015-04-16 12:31:18 +02:00
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docs/manual/protocols_profiles.tex
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\section{Protocols}
\label{section:protocols_profiles}
BTstack is a modular dual-mode Bluetooth stack, supporting both the Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Date Rate (BR/EDR), as well as the Bluetooth Low Energy (LE). The BR/EDR technology, also known as Classic Bluetooth, provides a robust wireless connection between devices designed for high data rate transfer. In contrast, the LE technology has a lower throughput but also lower energy consumption, faster connection setup, and the ability to connect to more devices in parallel.
BTstack is a modular dual-mode Bluetooth stack, supporting both Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Date Rate (BR/EDR) as well as Bluetooth Low Energy (LE). The BR/EDR technology, also known as Classic Bluetooth, provides a robust wireless connection between devices designed for high data rates. In contrast, the LE technology has a lower throughput but also lower energy consumption, faster connection setup, and the ability to connect to more devices in parallel.
Whether Classic or LE, a Bluetooth device must implement one or more Bluetooth profiles. A Bluetooth profile specifies how one or more Bluetooth protocols are used to achieve its goals. For example, every Bluetooth device must implement Generic Access Profile (GAP), which defines how devices find each other and how they establish a connection. This profile is built on top of the Host Controller Interface (HCI) protocol, the lowest protocol in the stack hierarchy which implements a command interface to the Bluetooth chipset.
Whether Classic or LE, a Bluetooth device implements one or more Bluetooth profiles. A Bluetooth profile specifies how one or more Bluetooth protocols are used to achieve its goals. For example, every Bluetooth device must implement the Generic Access Profile (GAP), which defines how devices find each other and how they establish a connection. This profile mainly make use of the Host Controller Interface (HCI) protocol, the lowest protocol in the stack hierarchy which implements a command interface to the Bluetooth chipset.
On top of GAP, a popular Classic Bluetooth example would be a peripheral devices that can be connected via the Serial Port Profile (SPP). The SPP basically specifies that a compatible device should provide a Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) record containing an RFCOMM channel number, which will be used for the actual communication. In addition, requires a secure connection, the Generic Access Profile (GAP) built on top of the Host Controller Interface (HCI) protocol must be used.
In addition to GAP, a popular Classic Bluetooth example would be a peripheral devices that can be connected via the Serial Port Profile (SPP). SPP basically specifies that a compatible device should provide a Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) record containing an RFCOMM channel number, which will be used for the actual communication.
In addition to GAP, every LE example assumes that a device implements the Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) profile. The GATT is built on top of the Attribute Protocol (ATT), and it defines how to interact with low power devices.
Similarly, for every LE device, the Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) profile must be implemented in addition to GAP. GATT is built on top of the Attribute Protocol (ATT), and defines how one device can interact with GATT Services on a remote device.
So far, the most popular use of BTstack is in peripheral devices that can be connected via SPP (Android 2.0 or higher) and GATT (Android 4.3 or higher, and iOS 5 or higher). If higher data rates are required between a peripheral and iOS device, the iAP1 and iAP2 protocols of the Made for iPhone program can be used instead of GATT. Please contact us directly for information on BTstack and MFi.